Machine for bending metal strips edgewise.



- PATENTED' DEG. 18,1906.-

G. s. DUNN. MAGHINE FOR BBNDING METAL STRIPS EDGEWISE.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 16,1905.

Inventor,

PATENTED DEC. 18, 1906 I G. S. DUNN. MACHINE FOR BENDING METAL STRIPS BDG EWISE.

APPLIU-ATIONIILED NOV. 16.1905.

o SHEETSSHEET 2.

Inventor,

Sana SD 2r- Witneasas: fizquZ A/furn No. 839,060. PATENTEDDEG. 18, 1906. G. S. DUNN.

'MAGHINE FOR BENDING METAL STRIPS EDGEWISE.

I APPLIOATION FILED N0V.16,1906.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

- ama" 5. 31mm A Hal/ 11195;

PATENTED DEC. 18, 1906.

G. s. DUNN. MACHINE FOR BBNDING METAL STRIPS BDGEWISE.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 19. 1905.

- B SHEETS-SHEET 4.

-P- T Bazow A M W1Ehesses= w PATENTED DEC. 18, 1906 G. S. DUNN.

ING METAL STRIPS EDGEWISE. APPLICATION FILED\NOV.16,1905,

MACHINE FOR BEND V 4 ZZ I PATENTED DEC. 18, 1906-. N G. s. DUNN. MACHINE FOR BENDING METAL STRIPS EDG EWISE.

APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 16.1905.

6 SHEBTS-SEEET 6.

- Inventor, Garza S. Dunn,

Withsses= L v Es PATENT OFFICE.

- UNITED s'rAT GANO s. DUNN, OF 'EAsToRA cE, NEw JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO CROCKER- WHEELER COMPANY-, AMPEBE, NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

-MAOHINE FOR BENDING METAL STRIPS EDGEWISE.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Dec. 18, 1906.

Nel 839,060. Application filed November 16, 1905. Serial No. 287,721.

To all whom it may concern: When the machine is organized for winding Be it known that I, GANO S. DUNN, a citi non-circular coils, the mandrel is built of relazen of the United States of America, and a tively movable sections, whereby the strip is which the following is a specification.

l sides joined by arcs of circles and other forms less and in which the width of the strip may 'tain new and useful Improvements in Ma when it leaves the mandrel.

' machine y which such coils maybe formed, having curved part's withan inside radius as a The shoes have contacts as straight of edge resident of'East Orange, county of Essex,

overwound to correct for the spring-back in and State of New Jersey, have invented certhe metal, so that the coil is in its final shape The machine chines for Bending Metal Strips Edgewise, of has a non-reciprocating rotary mandrel and a two-shoe bending device and when organ- My invention relates to apparatus for coiling edgewise thin copper strips, including as the most difficult type of coil those having convolutions of elongated form with straight is made for proper tangential delivery'of the strip to the mandrel.

ings, which form a part of this application, Figure 1 is a plan view of a machine embodying my invention and constructed for the formation of, elongated coils. -Fi 2 is an end elevation of the machine wit tating parts in section on the line 11 II of Fig. 4 and in position for bending over .one of the curvedends. .Fig. 3 is an end elevanot truly circular. Y

The ob'ect of the invention is to produce a short as twice the width of the strip or even be many times the thickness of the strip (the important ran e in practice running from twent to one undred times.) Strips with a thic ess of twelve one-thousandths of an inch and the width of 'overan inch have been coiled by the ap aratus illustrated, and this is not the limit oi its capacity.

My invention consists in certain apparatus pertaining to this art of winding fiat strips ed'gewise, all of which is completely described and illustrated herein; but it will facilitate the understanding of the invention to state briefly some of its general characteristics.

The machine is a low-tension winding-machine. It operates without the necessity of attaching an end of the strip to or of winding the strip about the mandrel for the purat the point in its revolution where the strip winds from one of the curved ends onto one of the straight sides, and the two parts of the mandrel are shiited with res ect to each other as compared with their re ation to each other in the preceding figure to allow for the overwind. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the machine with the pressure-lever bendingsaddle-and forming-mandrel in section on the line IV IV of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 shows i'ace views oi the two parts of the forming-mandrel. Fig. 6 is a front elevation of a iorrning-mandrel and directly cooperating parts for less elongated coils in position just preceding shift of the two parts to allow for the pose of anchoring it, and no material tension o verwind, together with arrows which indi-v is applied to the strip as it approaches the cate the intensity and direction of the forces point of bending. The bending is effected by I acting on the parts oi the mandrel to cause a pressure applied to the edges of the strip at it to shift. Fig. 7 is a strain diagram showthree places, by the mandrel and two shoes, ing the turning moments of tlt e forces rethe shoes pressing against the outer edge {erred to the point oipivotal support of one and the mandrel pressing against the inner oi the parts oi the mandrel. Fig. Sshows a edge at a point between the two shoes, which hold the strip against the bending pressure. parts for the formation of rectangular coils with rounded corners. Fig. 9 shows my inas the straightest part of the exterior bounding-line of the proposed coil, and the shoes are so mounted that the contact edges are independently adjustable to the edge of the strip. Thestrip is pulled through the bending instrumentalities by a rotary friction-clamp.

coils.

Briefly stated, the coiling apparatus comprises a rotar mandrel-which is revolved about a fixe axis and a -bending-saddle the ro .tion of the machine with the rotating part i'orining-mandrel and directly cooperating.

ized for winding non-circular coils provision In the accompanying six sheets of drawvention adapted to'the formation of circular roo which is pressed toward .one,side;, ofi the surface of the latter under the 'saddle.

revolved. ent of each other.

.Jof the mandrel. and

consequence of this constr clistznrce from the jmandrel, but which oscillates through a con- :siderable angle. 8 ment will be apparent mandrel. trip to he. coiled is fed between th he and the mandrel in a direction which must be about tangent to the atthe point of entrance In case. a, non-circular mandrel is employed the saddle has a radial movement to and from the mandrehaxis and also. a considerable rocking movement to preserve its alinement with or substantially tangential relation to the portion of the manurel against whicliit rests as the mandrel is These movements are independ- They follow the rotation are set up thereby. In scion the strip leads. into the coiling apparatus along a line which is not only constantly varying in its axis of rotation of the A portion of this moveby comparing the directlons m it along which the-strip passes to the 1 in such take. the 3- slightly,

. in direction is defined by pivoted in :the

coding apparatus while this apparatus is in the positions illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3,, res ectively. The trip is conveniently supp 'edfrom a reel It, and it is necessary first to lead this strip to the shitting-point ac and manner that it will be permitted to proper tangential direction. To effect this, it is first bent flatwise and led around an are which is preferably about and more than a right angle, (but which be considerably less,) and then conducted to the bending apparatus. This turn a guide L, which is apparatus and has considerable angular movement do ring the operation that the about of the machine, as can be seen by comparing the positions of the end of the guide in Figs. 2 and 3,, and the reel is referably so located point. y of de wary of the strip is on a line with the approximate center of the-curved path of the end of the guide.

; Oneresult of t iis location is that the end of the guide throughout its extent of movement will remain at about the same distance from the point of delivery, and the strip between the reel and guide will not at any time thin strips.

be slackened by the angular movement of the guide. .Another and more important result of the lohation of the reel above indicated is avoidance of any tendency to edgewise bending byreason of the shifting of the direction of entry of the strip under the bending-saddle. This is obviously attainable in other ways. This portant, is not essential, The guide is possible .to keep ment of its outer guide, though imparticularly with made as short as end, but it must be long enough to hold the strip as it approaches the -,'mach1ne out of the way of the spool which holds the formed coils.

has a revoluble be conveniently .The winding ap aratus forming-mandrel w 10h may ownthc range of movei matcly the same as that dcslrcd for the ml terior oi the coils and a face the width of I which is slightly less than the thickness of the strip to be coiled. The l'iinning-mamlrol has a single flange in ,wo parts 13 B", czlcb part being integral with one of the parts. of the mandrel and supporting the nmndl'cl part. This is important, as the machine is I intended for co ling thm strips of ('(lplll. The forming-mandrel is the slight shou dcr at the side of the flange. it is slightly less than the thickness of the strip. The two flange parts and mandrel parts lahcn together constitute whatmay be termed a single-flanged formingmandrel." The strip of copper to be coiled is laid with one edge against-the forming-face of the mandrel and one side against the flange oi' the mandrel and is snugly held by a pair ol' clamps (7, between which is the strip of copper and tho flange of the mandrel, so that the sides ol lilo strip are closely confined on the one side by one of the clamps and on the other side by the flange; The bonding is ctl'oclcd by a leading shoe 1), a following shoe E, and the mandrel in cooperation and takes Pltll'l where the strip is snugly confined on. the sides between one of the clamps and the flange. Both of the shoes are pivoted between the clamps and have straight contacting faces which contact with the edge of the strip. The shoes are slightly thinner than the copper strips, so that they will not be clamped when the clamps are adj ustcd to confine the strip snugly.

The strip isconfined on. its sides throughout the portion between the shoes, (where y the bending chiefly takes place,) and also i or a short distance in advance of the loading shoe and in the rear of the following shoe (where there is alsosomefiow of metal or tendency to flow from the bending.) in order to avoid excessive friction and resistance to the passage of the strip, only the area of How of metal is so confined The clam and shoes to ether constitute what may lie termed a )cnding-sziddlO. Thissaddle is held down against the edge of the copper strip by means of a weighted lever F. A pinf, projecting from the lover, enters a hole situated. about midway botwecn the pivotal points of the shoes so as to fairly equalize the pressure between. the shoes. The adjustment is such that the loading shoe will not crush the strip down into contact with tho mandrel at a point dircctly under it, but will cll'cct the principal bonding at a point between the leading shin land the following shoe. in this way the l bonding is effected with less severe pressure approx; a

Sin

I the curved between the shoe and "the edge of'the stripthan would be necessary to one the str1p entirelydown to the mandrel under the shoe,

which with thin'strips would resultin upsetting "the e'dge of the strip. This pressure may be adjusted in theweight applied to the lever; but it is usuall'y'preferable to have an excess of pressure and to hold? the shoe at aslightly greater distance from'the mandrel bending over the curved portions of the mandrel that the strip will not be .forc'ed'entireliy down to the mandrel directly under the lea ingrsllioe;

ecurved parts of the cam are carried at Z 'Z beyond the points k k, where the Rrved arcs join the strai ht sides of the mandrel and the strip winds from the'curved arcs ontothe straight sides.' The rear shoev has the importantfunction of holding the strip against the straight sides of the mandrel whilethe succeeding curved portlons are beingstarted, and thereby preventing the bending strains in the strip at the curved portions from being communicated to the straight portions and causing them to bow. In order uniform distribution of pressure to; secure a against the sldes of the strip where the-bending takes place, one of the clamps O is faced with a piece of sheet metal 0, which is backed with a sheet of rubber fiber or other elastic material. 1'. The distribution and adjustmentof pressures above indicated results in coils wherein the turns are of substantially uniform width and thickness throughout.

The strip has a traveling anchorage to the mandrel by means of a rotary clamp or pinch wheel consisting of two. circular flanges G H, between which the-strip and the flange of the mandrel pass immediately after emerging from between the clamps of the saddle. These flanges are drawn together by bolts, and one of them is preferably faced. with an annular sheet g, backed with rubber, fiber, or other elastic material to distribute the pressure more uniformly. The pinch-wheel revolves on a pin t on the end of a weighted lever I, .by which it is heldin engagement with the strip and flange. The friction between the strip and the flange of the mandrel on the one side and between the strip and the flange of the pinch-wheel on the other side holds the strip from slipping with respect to the mandrel and puts a sufficient tensile strain upon the strip to draw it underathe saddle. Through this tensile strain the friction on'the strip from passing under the parts which contact with the edgeis over come, and the friction from contact with the side, is one o the '1 parts which confine the sides of the stri at,

the point of bending is also overcome. t is necessary that the effect of the latter friction bemitigated or the combined resistance will exceed the tensile strength of thestri or the holding power of the pinchwhee The friction against the sides where the bending ponents. First, there is riction arising from the linear movement of the strip, This friction is only on the side of the. strip which is against one of the clamps of the saddle. Opposed thereto on the opposite side is the flange of the mandrel, which has a linear movement with the strip and neutralizes any tensile stress from the linear friction on the op osite side; Second, there is friction from t e transverse movement of the strip radially to the mandrel in being brought down into contact. This friction is onl on the side of the strip against the flange o the mandrel. O posed thereto, onthe opposite respect to which the strip has very v little transverse movement and which about equaliz'es any resistaneefrom the transverse motion on the opposite side. j

j In bending a copper strip to a mandrel in the manner indicated there is a spring-back or unwind. amountingto from one to three per cent. of the are and an enlargement of about half of a per cent, so that to produce a semicircular bend with a given interiordiameterthe mandrelshould be about half of one per cent. smaller, and the curvatures of the arcs should exceed the required arcs' from one tothree per cent; and in the .examples illustrated should exceed a semicircle by about. one and one-half degrees. It is manifestly impossible to join. the ends of two such arcs with straight tangent lines in a rigid plane structure. The difficulty is overcome by me by making themandrel in two parts. Each part has an arc of one hundred and eighty-one and one-half degrees, with straight sides tangent to the ends of the arcs in the examples, inwhich it is requiredto wind coils with each convolution consisting ninety-degree arcs each part of the mandrel has two arcs of about ninet -one degrees joined by a straight tangent ine and with straight tangent sides at the otherends of the arcs. In both sets of examples the two parts of the mandrel are each supported from a pin 19 p, Whichprojects from the face-plate of the spindle and engages a hole in a projecting arm P of the one mandrel part and passes through a slot in the other mandrel part. The two mandrel parts are hinged to each other at themiddle point 0 of the mandrel andhave a slight relative movement equal to clamps of the saddle with.

takes place may be analyzedinto two comthe o'verwind, so that the adjoining straight sides of the two parts on either side of the mandrel can be brought into alinement. This-movement or flop of the two parts is made at each half-revolution just in advance of the laying of the strip on the side, the parts of which are brought into alinement by the resultant action of'several forces.

In the form illustrated in Fig. 6 the flop of the mandrel takes place when in the course of a revolution it reaches about the position illustrated; The forces acting on the mandrel to cause it-to flop are the Weighted lever bearing onthe saddle and acting at the point aand adrag K, which is a clamp applied to the flange of the mandrel and anchored through a-link J at a fixed point 7'. The former force may be about two hundred pounds and the latter force about fifty-five pounds under the conditions shown. Adverselyacting forces are the reaction of the pinch wheel, which may be fifty pounds acting at b, and the reaction of the saddle, which may be one hundred and fift pounds acting at 0.

ese forces act directl upon the mandrel part A through its flange B, except the drag, which acts on the mandrel part A concurrently with the action of the other forces on the part A and indirectly through the pin connection 0 on the mandrel part A, where, by reason of the threeto-one ratio of the lever-arms U and z, the force of the drag is three times as much. The turning moment-s of these forces acting on the mandrel part A to turn it about the pin p are the products of the forces with their lever-arms, as indicated in Fig. 7, and the algebraic sum with the forces ad uSted, as indicated, results in the required counter-clockwise movement of the mandrel part A about its pivot-point p. The principaladversely-acting turning moment is the reaction of the saddle, and to reduce this as much as possible its lever-arm is shortened by locating the ivot-point 10' above the line of symmetry of t e mandrel part. With the more elongated .mandrel of Figs. 1 to 5 this lever-arm is much shorter and this adverse turning moment is so much reduced that a drag is not necessary. The strip alter passing the pinch-wheel meets the saddleand falls away from the face of the mandrel. so that it does not interfere with the flop of the mandrel nor get in the guide. The finished (-onvolutions are re oeived on a skeleton spool consisting of parallel prongs S S, which are supported from the ends of the pins p p, which extend from the faceplate of the spindle. This part of the apparatus is of inexpensive construction and may be used with dillrront mandrols. Neither is it necessary to have a separate pinch-wheel or saddle for each particular variety of coil.

As lilClNlihiHllLlHWD. one of the features oi the machine which enables me to operate at l shoe with the edge of the strip being way of the l'eedingl l l l i eaaeee tensions readily op osed by a pinch-wheel is that the strip is inc osed at the point of bend ing between a stationary wall and a flange which travels with the mandrel and the strip, thereby helping it along.

It will be clear that many changes may be made without departing from the spirit of my invention.

The methods herein described are claimed in a divisional application of this application, filed by me November 38, 1906, Serial No. 345,463.

Having now described my invention and the best way known to me of practicing it, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. in a machine for winding fiat strips oi'lgewise, the combination of a non-circular rotarymandrel and a forming-saddlc with reciprocating and rocking movements which are independent of each other and follow'the rotation of the mandrel, substantially as described.

in a machine for edgewise, the combination of a non-circular rotary mandrel and a forming-saddlc with ro ciprocating and rocking movements which are independent of each other and follow the rotation of the mandrel, the saddle having two shoes, substantially as des .Ti bod.

3. In a machine for winding lint strips edgewise, the combination ol :1 non-circular rotary mandrel, a iorn1ing-szuldlo with re ciprocating and rocking movements which are independent of each other and follow the rotation of the n'nindiel, and two shoes mounted upon the saddle.- hnving in lv3 enrlent rocking movements. substamialiy as described.

4. In a machine for nir, m ri. pa

edgewise, the combination of a non ocular rotary mandrel, u a rddle rriih reciprocating and hilly mow-inn; s .hich are imh pendeni. o h other and follow the rotation of the mandrel. and too shoes Wwvided with sliluhjr' t fact-s and mounted or he saddle. subsianz' hilly as dime-tibial.

3. The i 'onihimition of a mandnl which it siri to be bent oduoc'iw llange l'or lb Inna rlu mandrel. a bend u shoe roni'aiktir q \E') or bending the strip in o the mandrel, a clamp for r of the slrip and ronlining it against the flange of the mandrel. and a rotary clamp for clamping the hem strip to the mandrel as it emerges from under the saddle, subsl'n-i'itiallv as described.

o. The mnibinalion oi" a mandrel about which a strip is to be bent migewise, means for revolving the mandrel. a bowling-saddle provided with :2 shoe v nisriing with the edge of the strip, ihe poini o)" routm'i ol' Ilin I i -i winding fiat strips.

j bending-saddle provided with a shoe contactmaintained in advance of the point atwhich ing shoe with the strip is maintained in adflange for the mandrel, means for revolving it emerges from under the saddle, substan which a strip is to be bent edgewise, a cam,

which a strip is to be bent edgewise, a cam,

edge of the strip and a part guided by the Vance of the point at-which the bending is effected, and means independent of the strip for positioning the shoe, substantially as described. I

7. The combination of a mandrel about means for revolving the mandrel and cam, a

ing with the edge of the strip and a part guided by the cam whereby the point of contact of the shoe with the edge of the strip is the bending is eiie'cted, substantially as described.

8., The combination of a mandrel about which a strip is to be bent edgewise, means for revolving the mandrel, a bending-saddle provided with a leading shoe and a following shoe contacting with the edge of the strip, and means for maintaining the point of contact of the leading shoe with the strip in advance of the point at which the bending is ef fected, substantially as described.

9. The combination of a mandrel about means for revolving the mandrel and cam, abending-saddle provided with a leading shoe and a following shoe contacting with the cam whereby the point of contact of the lead vance of the point at which. the bending is effected, substantially as described.

10. The combination of a mandrel about which a strip is to be bent edgewise, a single themandrel, a bending-saddle provided with a shoe contacting with the edge of. the 'strip' for bending the strip to the curved parts of the mandrel and a clamp for engagingone side of the strip and confining it against the flange of the mandrel, means for maintaining the point of contact of the shoe with the edge of the strip in advance of the point at which the'bending is cilected, and a rotary clamp for clamping the bent strip to the mandrel as tially as described.

' 11. A mandrel consisting of a plurality of parts about which ametallic strip is to be 1 New York city, New York, this N ovember, 1905.

angular movement withrespeot to each other,

substantiallyas described. l 12. A mandrel consisting of two partsl about which a metallic strip is to be bent into an elon ated coil with straight parallel sides in whic the curvature of the forming-surface of each part exceeds a semicircle, and the two parts have an angular movement with respect to' each other by which the adjoining surfaces of the parts may be brought into alinement on eitherside, substantia ly as described. i

13. The combination with a two-part mandrel, of a rotary part having a fixed axis for revolving the mandrel, eec entrically-posh tioned pivots connecting the mandre parts with the rotary part, and pivot connections between the parts of the. mandrel, substan tially as described.

14. The combination ofla mandrel about which astrip is to be bent edgewise into noneircular coils, means for revolving the mandrel, a pivoted bending-saddle, means for holding the saddle in contact with the strip during the revolution of the mandreL-a guide supported from the saddle for turning the direction of the strip and guiding it to the entrance between the'saddle and mandrel, and a point of delivery for the stri located about on a line with the center of the curved path of the guide, substantially as described.

15. In a machine for winding fiat strips edgewise, the combination of a mandrel rota'ting on a fixed axis, a two-shoe bendingsaddle, a traveling friction-clamp, substantially'as described.

16. In a machine for winding flat metallic strips edgewise, to form non-circular coils,

the combination of a mandrel rotating on a fixed axis and consisting of a plurality of parts which maybe shifted to change the outline of-the mandrel, a two-shoe bending-sad die, and a traveling friction-clamp, substantially as described.

17. In amachine for winding, flat strips ed ewise to form non-circular coils, the com bi ation of a'mandrel rotating on a fixed axis, a two-shoe bending-saddle, an angularlyshifting guide for the tangential delivery of the strip to the mandrel, and means located at a suitable point for delivery of the strip to the guide, substantially as described.

Signed by me in the borough of Manhattan, 14th day of GANO S. DUNN. 

